Recap Qns , Pg 155

Q1 . What were the internal threats tha the ancient chinese faced ?
They faced natural disasters such as floods , famines , rebellion and civil wars .

Pg 158

Q1 . What were the internal threats tha the ancient SEA faced ?
They faced natural disasters such as rebellion , succession disputes , volcanic eruption , piracy & warfare .

Pg 161

Q2 . What were the measures taken by the ancient people to cope with these threats?
The chinese in ancient China had built dykes to control flooding . The Indus people in ancient India were very persistent in rebuilding their homes .

Pg 174

Q1 . What were the measures taken by the ancient Chinese against foreign invasions ?
The chinese emperors took several steps to prevent foreign invasions such as forming a tribute system, building physical barriers & armies and developing advanced weapons .

Pg 177

How did they respond to these external threats ?
The rulers of early Southeast Asian kingdoms had formed friendship with their neighbours , bulit physical barriers & armies , weapons and patriotic rebellions .

Pg 181

Why was it important for the people of ancient India, China and Southeast Asia to respond to external threats ?
The people had to respond to external threats such as building large armies and physical barriers so as to protect themselves against foreign attacks . They also had to constantly invent better and more advanced weapons .

Q1 . What inference(s) can you make from studying the map about the Mauryan Dynasty?
-Rulers of Mauryan & Gupta dynasties made sure these roads were kept in good condition so that travelling would be very comfortable.
--There was advanced technology that allowed traders to travel long distances.

Q2. What was the result of this interaction?
As a result of the interaction between the Indus people & the Mesopotamians , some archaeologists think that the Indus people might have borrowed the idea of using seals to mark their goods from Mesopotamians and older civilisation . Because their seals were similar .

Impact of religions

Hinduism, Buddhism and Islam had a great impact on the way people lived .
These religions quided many ancient Southeast Asian rulers in the way they governed.
In Ancient China, the people of ancient SEA did not entirely follow the teachings of their new religions and abandon their older beliefs . Instead, they combined their older beliefs with teachings of their new religions . Today, the religions of Hinduism, Buddhism and Islam continue to shape the lives of people in SEA .

How did Hinduism and Buddhism spread to Southeast Asia ?
Hinduism spreaded to Southeast Asia as it is believed that Hindu priests from India were invited to the courts of ancient Southeast Asian rulers to teach Indian culture . Many historians have concluded that Southeast Asian rulers invited Hindu priests to their courts because India was considered to be one of the most advanced civilisations . As for Buddhism, it was brought by Indian and Chinese traders as well as the Buddhist missionaries who travelled with them .

From the images given, such as ritual vessels and the inscribed ox scapula we know that there is an existant of priests. Conduct a research to learn more about the religion that the people of the Shang Civilisation practiced. Blog your answers support by pictorial or written sources as your evidence.

Shang Zhou, the last Shang king, committed suicide after his army was defeated by the Zhou people. Legends say that his army betrayed him by joining the Zhou rebels in a decisive battle that took place.
The classical novel Fengshen Yanyi is about the war between the Yin and Zhou, in which each was favored and supported by one group of gods.
After Yin's collapse, the surviving Yin ruling family collectively changed their surname from their royal Zi (子) (pinyin: zi; Wade-Giles: tzu) to the name of their fallen dynasty, Yin (殷). The family remained aristocratic and often provided needed administrative services to the succeeding Zhou Dynasty. The King Cheng of Zhou, through the Regent, his uncle the Duke Dan of Zhou, enfeoffed the former Shang King Zhou's brother Ziqi (子啟) as the ruler of Wei (微), in the former Shang capital at Shang (商), with the territory becoming the state of Song later in history. The State of Song and the royal Shang descendants maintained rites to the dead Shang kings which lasted until 286 BC. (Source: Records of the Grand Historian.)
Both Korean and Chinese legends state that a disgruntled Yin prince named Jizi (箕子), who had refused to cede power to the Zhou, left China with his garrison and founded Gija Joseon, and it would become one of the early Korean states (Go-, Gija-, and Wiman-Joseon).
Many Shang clans migrated northeast and were integrated into Yan culture during the Western Zhou period. These clans maintained an elite status, continuing their sacrificial and burial traditions.

Source : http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shang_Dynasty#Fall_of_Shang

From the images given, such as the ritual vessels and the inscibed ox scapula we know that there is an existant of priests. Conduct a reseacrh to learn more about the religion that the people of the Shang Civilisation practiced. Blog your answers support by pictorial or written sources as your evidence.

The fall of the Shang dynasty was much like that of the Xia dynasty, the last king was a cruel tyrant. Instead of the people overthrowing the king, he was killed by a king from a rival kingdom, the Chou kingdom. The Chou dynasty was part of the Shang kingdom; its civilization was a combination of the Shang culture and that of non-Chinese civilizations.

Source : http://library.thinkquest.org/12255/library/dynasty/shang.html

Why, How & What had happened to have cause a rapid end to the Indus Valley Civilisation ?

Indus Valley Civilization was not warlike society, it was ended by the Aryan invasion.

-Indus Valley Civilisation ; c. 1500 BCE

(Source: Link)

Writtings
Has there been evidence of artifacts found which would indicate that the people of the Indus Valley Civilisation had a system of communication ?



Seals


Symbols (Translated from Seals, Tablets etc.)
!Click to ENLARGE .
The engravings on seals, tablets etc. shows that there is a communicating system in Indus Valley Civilisation .

-Indus Valley Civilisation ; Writtings

(Source: http://google.com/ & Link)